The Advantages and Effective Drugs of Neomycin Sulfate

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what is neomycin sulfate

Neomycin sulfate is an aminoglycoside antibiotic. This product has good antibacterial effect on Staphylococcus (methicillin sensitive strain), Corynebacterium, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Proteus and other Enterobacteriaceae bacteria. Cocci, Enterococcus and other poor activity. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and anaerobic bacteria are resistant to this product. Bacteria have partial or complete cross-resistance to streptomycin, neomycin, kanamycin and gentamicin. Systemic administration of neomycin has significant nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity, so it is currently limited to oral or topical application.

The reason why neomycin sulfate is favored by veterinarians and breeders is mainly because of the following two species advantages.



The preferred enteric drug for antibiotic-free farming

For the treatment of poultry, the drug withdrawal period is only 5 days; and after 5 days of drug withdrawal, there is almost no drug residue in the muscle (which can be understood as no resistance).

Efficient and economical treatment of various intestinal diseases

It is mainly reflected in the "high-efficiency" treatment under the conditions of scientific and skillful use and reasonable compatibility, and the "economical" of the drug itself being relatively cheap and with a small effective dose.



So, how to use good quality neomycin sulfate to get the "efficient" therapeutic effect?

This requires understanding the pharmacology and antibacterial spectrum of neomycin sulfate, because beyond its effective effect and pathogenic spectrum, no matter how good the drug is, it will be ineffective.



Neomycin sulfate is administered orally to livestock and poultry, and under normal circumstances it is rarely absorbed (within 5%). However, if a large dose is continuously orally administered, especially when the intestinal mucosa has ulcers or inflammation, the gastrointestinal tract of livestock and poultry can still absorb a considerable amount of neomycin sulfate. Especially when the kidney function of livestock and poultry declines, the excretion of neomycin sulfate into the body slows down, and the blood drug concentration in the body can be significantly increased at this time.



For primary veterinarians and first-line drug users, remember not to use neomycin sulfate for systemic administration, because neomycin sulfate administered by injection has significant nephrotoxicity, so currently neomycin sulfate is limited to oral administration, and oral administration The efficacy and safety have been used in livestock and poultry clinics for 60 to 70 years.



It is a commonly used medicine. However, many people do not use the effect of this medicine and use it "highly".



The key problem is that when you use neomycin sulfate veterinary drug products, you must combine them for administration, and at least two or more drugs must be used in combination when prescribing.



In the treatment of enteritis-type Escherichia coli, macrocyclic drugs such as neomycin with erythromycin thiocyanate, tylosin tartrate or tilmicosin solution are used. Because when neomycin sulfate is used with macrocyclic drugs, there will be a synergistic effect between them, which can increase the efficacy; at this time, if a TMP synergist is added, the effect will come faster.

Specific to how to determine the actual clinical formula, the effective therapeutic dose of neomycin sulfate is 8~10 catties of water according to 1 g of neomycin sulfate; the above macrocyclic drugs are treated with 1 g of water and 10 to 15 catties of water; the effective dose of TMP The calculation method is the sum of the two drugs, and the synergy is calculated according to the drug sensitivity test 3:1, 4:1 or 5:1!



Of course, the above knowledge and skills of neomycin sulfate are only a small part.

The unique bactericidal mechanism and target of neomycin sulfate make it basically have no pharmacological incompatibility with the current common anti-infective drugs in veterinary clinics. Only in terms of physical and chemical effects, neomycin sulfate reacts with cephalosporin anti-infective drugs, and it needs to be used separately during administration.



Neomycin sulfate is rarely absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration to chickens. Especially when the intestinal mucosa is intact, the total amount of neomycin sulfate absorbed into the blood by oral administration is less than 5% of the total dose.



However, once the mucosa of the digestive tract is ulcerated, peeled off, or the mucosa of the digestive tract is inflamed and other mucosal incompleteness, up to 20% of the oral neomycin sulfate will pass through the digestive tract with significantly increased permeability. It enters the body's internal circulation and is transported to tissues and organs such as liver, kidney, heart, lung and abdominal cavity.



Neomycin sulfate absorbed into the body is mostly concentrated in nucleated cells, especially the highest content in white blood cells. Most are quickly excreted through the kidneys. However, in the event of renal insufficiency, the excretion of neomycin sulfate will be blocked and slowed down; and most of the unabsorbed neomycin sulfate will be excreted with feces. Within 24 hours, about 12% to 25% of the neomycin sulfate absorbed into the body is excreted by the kidneys, and about 50% to 90% is excreted by the bile.



In terms of antibacterial spectrum, neomycin sulfate has the best effect on Gram-negative bacteria, especially Escherichia coli and Salmonella; large doses of neomycin sulfate also have a good effect on Mycoplasma gallis. Effect. However, increasing the dose of the drug will significantly reduce the economic value of the drug, and will also increase the probability of adverse reactions. Therefore, in veterinary clinics for the treatment of mycoplasma, in addition to the use of macrolides; in foreign countries, more use of spectinomycin.
https://www.arshinepharma.com/info/the-advantages-and-effective-drugs-of-neomycin-72249929.html

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